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Duke Hu of Chen
Duke Hu of Chen (; fl. 11th century BC), also known as Hu Gong Man and Gui Man, was the founding monarch of the ancient Chinese state of Chen, established in modern eastern Henan Province soon after his father-in-law King Wu of Zhou founded the Zhou dynasty in 1046/45 BC. Duke Hu is considered to be the founding ancestor of the surname Chen, one of the most common Chinese surnames. The rulers of the Hồ (Hu) dynasty of Vietnam claimed to be his descendants.
==Biography==
Duke Hu's given name was Man (滿) and his ''xing'' surname was Gui (媯), and Hu was his posthumous name. He is also commonly known as Hu Gong Man (胡公滿, Man, Duke Hu) and Gui Man. He was said to be a descendant of the legendary sage king Emperor Shun. His father Efu (閼父) served as ''taozheng'' (陶正), the official in charge of the manufacture of pottery, for the Zhou state. King Wu of Zhou thought highly of Efu, and gave his eldest daughter, Da Ji (大姬), to Efu's son Man in marriage. After King Wu conquered the Shang dynasty to establish the Zhou dynasty in 1046/45 BC, he enfeoffed the descendants of three ancient sage kings in the newly conquered land, known as the ''San Ke'' (三恪, "Three Reverent States"), and Man was enfeoffed at the state of Chen, with its capital at Wanqiu, in modern Huaiyang County, Henan Province.
After Duke Hu died, he was succeeded by his son Xihou (犀侯), posthumously known as Duke Shēn of Chen. After the death of Duke Shēn, a younger son of Duke Hu, Gaoyang (皋羊), ascended the throne, to be known as Duke Xiang of Chen.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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